Fluid-pressure hammer



Feb. 9 1926.

J. A. JACKSON FLUID PRESSURE HAMMER Filed Dec. 28, 1917 www w e@ @mw Patented Feb. 9,

IEsPaTENI CF-FICE.,

JOHNA; JACKSON, or cnns'rniaroit, INnIANA,'1issIeNon, BY Dinner AND MnsNE A ssIGNMENTs, `fr o lmais: RYAN can COMPANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ii CORPORA- TIoN 'or MAINE.

FLUID-PRESSURE HAIvIMER.

Application filed December 284, 1917. Serial No. 209,278.

to lluidpressure actuated forming devices,

and moreparticularly to that class of l.devices commonly termed pneumatic hainniers, and more specifically to the class of ksuch devices which carries a removable tool.

The principal objects of my present invention are the provision of a structure of the naturereferred to which may be constructed, for the most part, from standard v-material .readily to be obtained in the market, one wherein are employed a minimum number of special castings and specially machined parts,one which may be easily constructed in any ordinary machine shop equipped with adrill-press and commonf metal cutting tools', and one which does not require for production any elaborate grinding, milling, or other metal-shaping machinery; the provision ina'device of the character described, of means whereby the movement ofthe hammer, chisel, cutterV or other tool employed may. be kept under the absolute control of tlie'operator; the provision vision vof improved means for operating fluid pressure actuated tools, the provision in a tool so'characterized of improved manual operating means, together with vsuoli other objects as may hereinafterappear'.

While one of the principal uses of the device has been its employment alternatelyl as a deheader for rivets, or as a, sheet cut-b tei', obviously it has a wide range of utility for other purposes according to the character of tool employed therewith.

In attaining they objects mentioned and gaining certain further benelits and advantages to be below disclosed, I have provided a structure, one embodiment: whereofis illustratedI in the ,accompanying drawings whereiny 'Figure 1 is al llongitud nal elevational `view of al construction embodying my present improvements;

Figure 1 is an elevational view of a detail of construction; Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevational view of the right-hand port-ion of the structure shown in VItiguiel;

Figure 3 is a similar longitudinal'sectional elevational view of the left-hand portion ofthe structure of Figure 1; and

Figures l and 5 are sectional views taken on the lines l-*fl and -of Figure 2, looking in the directions "indicated by the ar-k rows. f

Referring now more particularly to vFigure 1, it will 4be seen that'I have here shown ,in elevation a genera-l assembly view of a structurefeinbodying my present improve- Vments, wherein I conveniently employ a main casing 10 within which thefree piston-hammer 211 reciprocates; al fluid pressure supply pipe comprising portions 11 and 11a yforV applying pressuijefalternatelyto opposite ends 10x and 1()yr of the casing 10 for operating the hammer; a holder 12, having a thickened portion 12z having an opening 12X within which the tool reciprocates, such holder forming a guide for the shank of the tool and also containing a mechanical shock absorber tok be below referred to, and having a passage .111", within which is mounted 'the 4elbow 14, which is part of the supply'pipe 11; and/'at the opposite end, of the casing a return or U-connection 15, which holds the otherend of the supply pipe in place.

/Atsomeconvenient point in the supply pipe'11 I disposevalve casing 17 provided `with a control valve 16 operable by a-handle *16, y p Y 18, not only serves to absorb any tendency towards vibration with consequent crystallization and breakage, between the members 10 and 11, but also simplifies construction inasmuch as it avoids the use ofV ,union connection, ."wliich might otherwise be requirejrt v lll il (l il, eliu'np ill also engages ihe casing 10 and the pipe line Alll lor holding' these two elenieul'e ol eonetrueliou in predetermined pzir- :illel relail'iini. Fluid under pressure is Sup plied lo lhe pipe ll lroiii :my Convenient uourre. preie uhly :i flexible hose (not shown) ulliieheil lo one end of :i goose-neel; or iurerled Lleluiped pip@ haring one lee; iliiiiiiiiizirdly disposed iii euhelunlizil pairzilH lelieni lo lhe uieuihere l() :ind ll in order lo prevent linliinp' ol' the supply hose.

Vllel'erriineY uow more pur'liieuhirly to li`igure E2, il will he oliserrei'l ilnil the tool holder i3 hue lhreiiled eupjaigeineiit :ie iiidiiiied at lil willi the pipe l0. :i piu l heilig einploji'eil 'l'or holding; the pui'l's l() und l2 in predeierniiued relaiiion.

lfil'hiu the tool holder l2 l iirriiuggje withiu i .f-iouliel or revo l :i yieldiugly resistent derive. i'irelieriilily :i heliruliyv coiled Spring ill', held in position h i :i eollzir 261" which, in liirii, :iiiuls :ipziiueii the end of lho easing lli under the preiafeure o'l" the spring' 2G. The parte 2li :ind Lili aire iirraiuged lo permitl Jche puesxipje ol the iool-sluiul therel'hrougrlh und :io :uli io :ihsorli ehoel; oi" the pistou 2l iu nee preeeure should he :ii'hiiii'ied to the pipe ll` either when the tool E?) is not iu phioe or when the liool Q3 hoe uo reeisluuee :it iis outer end und to would he knocked out of pliiee h x ihe huuuuer 2l,

(lue or more :il'iiioeplierie Vents 2T :iro e1ii ploi'ed For relieving pressure iii ll'ronl; of the pisloii :is il. iiioiei: iowiirde the lool Q23 und deliver` ihe hlow upou euch iool. The veul or renie 3T :ire so proporl'ioned :ind poililioued reliiiiifeliv lo lhe length ol. die piuion l'uiininer il :ind olt lhe easing 10 is Jul'ifjii'il euch :iur :iiiioui'ili of Cueliiiliniiip; elli-Yeh ius muy he dessirzihle iii ihe lirui'ei'ne ol' ilio pielon i ioii'oriilsi the right houd oud. ol

the de .er :ii .iliowii iii lli iirojil.

.llel'erriug uow more pui ulfirl)r lo lign ure if, it will he igiliiierred lhzil; lhe ooii1ieei iup; member lli between the ruling 'l0 und the poriioii lli' ol; (he :iir pipe ll luis lliifezided riigugi'eiiieiit willi Athe enf-,ling l0, :is indicated :il lliT :iuiil wilhllie pipe portion l1, :is inileuierl :il Wg :i pin lll heiiigyf; eiiiploi'eil lo hold the parte lll und lili in predeleriuiued rehiiii'iu.

"l`lio operiiiiugi i'silre uuiif Conveniently eoiiipriree :i cursing li" eilinlfxiuiug ii plug vulve llh whieh ie proifiiled with :i polissage lo" :idupeil zillernzilel lo phiee the pipefs fl und 2;? iu eou'iuiiuuieutioii, when the` handle los i i; in llie position iuiiliez ted in the drawings, und lo place the pipeeI lll und El@ in posilion when the handle ie moved lio the leiliioi. iis position shown in Figure 1 through un :ire of The vulve easing 1T ie also provided with un iuuioepherie exhaust port 28 and the plug lli with :i passage 1G adapted to put the pipe l1 find such exhaust port 2S in cominuni uiliou when the luiudle 16 is in the po eilzion indicated in Figure l of the drawings, und the pipe ll :incl the exhaust port 2S in coininunieiiiiou when (he luindle lo is moved lo the right inl-o :i posiil'ion :it u righi; ongle lo lluil shown in Figure l.

lt will lie noted on. examination ol Fig Aurel Il, -l und :"i, lluilA the pieton luunuier 2l luiev iwo houde, :is indi 'uterl zit 24; und El" und iliiil l'he device ie reversible in 'use the lieaul il heeouiee eiiijuinded hy slriliing lhe :sluinli :lili olt ihe lool 23.

lu the operai/ion ol the sil'rueiiure :ihoi'e desieriheifh ii will he uppzirenttluit when the puris :ire in the possiiion shown in the drewiugu, lluiil pressure udniilil'ed Jthrough the ll-i iiiineetion plissee: through ihe pzieszige lo in lhe iulie lil und thence lhroupjh the pipe 1l, nipple 1Q. hohe eonneeliion lil, elbow ll. pori lli" into the righi-hund end lll ol: ille erasing lll. :ind thence zigiiiiuet lhe hezid ill" ol ille piston luiuuner Q-flf, oreiup; the pist-on toward the lelt-lumd end 10T of `The missing' 'lll` the piston in its traverse to the lei't uncovering the ports .27 und establishing communication with the zitu'ioephere.

AS the pistou begins` the n'ioi'euieiitlio the lefl', the lniudle lll ol ihe vulve VI G ifi inoved morose rerliezil (iup) pi'ibtil'ion iulo ai poeiiion :it zi` righi' :ingle to i'hail shown in Figure l.

This esl'ulilishee eolninuiiieziiion between the i C I) i) lill? Mi i pueeiige 115x, thereby iulniiizting;n lluid under preseure into the loll-hund '10N oil? the nos" iup; l() :zuil iigziinel 'ihe heaid 2l" ol" lhe pie lou i-l, whieh eziueos llie `pieton illlio more lo l'he righi' :ind sirilfe zifiii'iuil ille eiiil ol [he sluiiili :352 when meh lool is iu position` und il llie lool is uol` iu posilion (he houd Si l"t will eirilie :i iinel llie voller fill unil llie :fhoili will he uh ,iiheil liy lho opriiip 2o.

lfrouii ille lorepjoiup' deeeiiiiiiion il: will 'lie :ipiiuii'elil lhiii sie the piei'ou iooi'eis roiii the enel lli ol llie cuisine; lil iowzird (he tool il :il lhe eiid il)x ol eiioh (raising :luy [luid liielireen the euil lill' und the :il1iiouijilierio` reni lll' will he diielnirpeil lo the :iliiioepliero llnoui'jh eueh pori. :ind lihe fluid lielii'eeu ihe perle. 2T :ind llie pori` will lie die elizirzgged lo the :il'iuosiiiliere lhrougijh such pori ifo. (lo lhe other hond, when (he pieloii ill; iu uioviiip: li'oui the end 10X ol iho twine', lowiircl the eiirl lll" iiherei'il:1 ou the return, elrolie, :my lluid eiuiloiiieil lieiiieeu [he head :'Z-lb of the pieloii :ind lhe v :ili'e lo, iu (lisizluirgeil (o the :illiioiillihere llirough the exluiuel, port 22H.

From zin exiiiuiniilioii of (he eleiii'ieiilii ol' Conetrueiioii entering hilo the sil'rueliuie of inli improved fluid preeeure lool, il; will he olieeried tluil Sullisliintiiilly :ill parte, .were the eoiiueeting iueinherel l2 ziiid 115, ure readily to he obtained on the market and assembled wihoul: the use ol special. tools or machinery, iiud likewfiee such Connectors the passage lll", the pipe 'lll lhe i lll) 12 and -15 can be purchased at relatively little expense. v

It Will further be observed that Where a manually operated valve, such asis herein disclosed, is employed, the movement of the piston, either on striking or return stroke, is entirely under the will of the operator, and therefore, the action of the tool employed may be governed with great nicety. liurthermore that the movement may be as slow or rapid as desired, depending upon the rate of oscillation of the handle 16a.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim'as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

A device of the character described, comprising, in combination, a main casing, a pistonhammer reciprocableiin said casing', an external luid supply pipe for applying fluid to opposite ends of said hammer, a

valve device for alternately establishing communication irstL with one end and then with the opposite end of said hammer, a tool-holder casingcarried by the casing and having a portion adapted to receive and guide the shank of a tool operable by said hammer, a shock-absorber disposed in said second casing betweeny the tool-holder portion thereof and said main casing and in- Y dependently of said tool shank, and a shock absorber element in said fluid supply pipe,

Said fluid supplyipipe being connected ad,v

jacent the end of the main casing opposite to said tool-holder casing, and to said toolholder casing intermediate said main casing and the tool guide portions thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto Slglled Illy llllle.

f yJoHN A; JACKSON. 

